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SCOTCH
WHISKY TIMELINE |
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BEER
TIMELINE |
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GIN
TIMELINE
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SCOTCH WHISKY
TIMELINE
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1865-Alexander,
John Walker's son develops Johnnie Walkers Old Highland
Whisky.
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1625-Haig
becomes the first recognized name in Scotch
whisky. John Walker, John Dewar, and Andrew Usher
lay the foundation of the Scotch Whisky industry.
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1870-Scotch
Whisky becomes popular when Phylloxera wiped out French
vineyards.
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1890-Alexander
dies. Johnnie Walker Old Highland remains flagship company.
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1893-Alexander's
own sons buys the Cardhu Distillery.
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1909-George
Patterson Walker decides to replace the two Stalwarts,
"Very special Old Highland Whisky" and "extra
special Old Highland Whisky. Johnnie Walker Red Label and
Johnnie Walker Black Label, debut.
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1930s-William
Sanderson's blend 'Vat 69' becomes the worlds leader winner.
Also, Peter
Mackie launches White Horse.
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1990-For
the first time Whiskies were participate in "Selections
Mondiale" (regarded as the most important tasting
competition in the world). The competition for deluxe Scotch
Whisky is won by Black Label.
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GIN TIMELINE
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1694-Gin
much cheaper to beer on account of taxes.
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1736-New
laws make distilling very expensive and only 3 distillers
(until 1743) stay in the trade.
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1743-Distillers
get permission to sell to taverns.
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1747-Beer
taxes fall, thereby easing the Gin prices.
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1875-The
term London Dry comes into use. But early labels still say
"No Sugar Included" as the public did not fully
understand the term "Dry".
English Gins are highly respected.
Gordon Being, is the biggest seller, Gilbeys is the second in
England.
In the U.S.A. Gordon and Seagrams are No1.
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1898-Tanqueray
and Gordon amalgamate.
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1910-Respectable
women enjoy Gin. Britain first cocktail bar, the Criterion in
Piccadilly Circus opens.
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4300-Cuneifor Tablets from Sumeria indicate beer making.
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000-Sumerian
pottery shows up containing the chemical residues of barley
fermentations.
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4300-Cuneiform
Tablets from Sumeria detail beer making.
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4000-Beer
from barley undergoes regular processing in Mesopotamia on a
daily basis.
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3500-Earliest
known evidence of beer becomes obvious at Godin Tepe, Zagros
Mountains of western Iran.
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1600-Egyptian
texts contain 100 medical prescriptions calling for beer.
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1000-Earliest
evidence of beer in Europe at an Iberian archaeological site
Geno Lleida, Catalan Spain.
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23-By
the birth of Christ the majority of the world's cultures
consume a fermented beverage. Chinese brew beer called "kiu"
and a wheat beer called "samshu". Africans make
"bouza" beer from millet, maize, and cassava. South
American use corn to make "chicha" and sweet
potatoes are used in Brazil. Japan uses rice to make 'sake'.
Some Asian cultures use sorghum. Russians use rye to make
'kvass'.
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500-1000
-Brewing
begins in Europe.
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1000-Hops
come into use for the brewing process.
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1200-Beer
making is a commercial enterprise in Germany, Austria, and
England. The German's prefer cold temperature lagers
(bottom-fermentation) stored in caves in the Alps, and the
English prefer mild temperature ales (top-fermentation) stored
in cellars.
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295-King
Wenceslas grants Pilsen Bohemia brewing rights.
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1420-German
brewers develop the lager method of brewing.
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1489
-Germany's
first brewing guild, Brauerei Beck, comes up.
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1490-Columbus
finds Indians making beer from corn and black birch sap
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1587-The
first beer gets brewed in New World at Sir Walter Raleigh's
colony in Virginia.
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1612-First
commercial brewery opens in New Amsterdam (NYC, Manhattan).
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1674-Harvard
College has its own brew house.
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1680-William
Penn (founder of Pennsylvania) operates commercial brewery.
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1842-The
first golden lager is launched in Pilsen, Bohemia
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1876-Pasteur
unravels the secrets of yeast in the fermentation process, and
he developes pasteurization to stabilize beer.
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1935-The
beer can shows up under the brand of American Can Co. &
Kreuger Brewing.
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1976-New
Albion is the first in the revival of brewpubs and
microbreweries in the US opening in California.
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1991-US
produces 20% of the world beer volume (world's largest).
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1991-The
world's largest single-site brewery is Coors Brewing, Golden,
Colorado, at 272 Million cases.
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